HCQS 400 Mg Tablets (Hydroxychloroquine)

Description

HCQS 400 mg tablets contain Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate as the active ingredient. Hydroxychloroquine is primarily used to prevent and treat malaria, but it has other significant therapeutic uses, particularly in managing autoimmune conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Composition:

Each HCQS 400 mg tablet contains:

• Active Ingredient: Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate 400 mg
• Excipients: These include microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinized starch, colloidal silicon dioxide, and magnesium stearate, among others. These substances help in tablet formulation and ensure the stability of the drug.

How to use HCQS 400 Mg Tablets?

Hydroxychloroquine acts through multiple mechanisms:

• Antimalarial Action: It interferes with the growth of parasites in the red blood cells. Hydroxychloroquine accumulates in the food vacuole of the Plasmodium species, increasing the pH and disrupting the parasite’s ability to digest hemoglobin, which is crucial for its survival.
• Immunomodulatory Effects: In autoimmune diseases, Hydroxychloroquine reduces inflammation by modulating the immune system. It inhibits toll-like receptors (TLRs), particularly TLR9, which plays a key role in the activation of the immune response.

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Indications:

HCQS 400 mg tablets are indicated for:

• Malaria Treatment and Prevention: Particularly effective against Plasmodium vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, and sensitive strains of P. falciparum.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis: Helps reduce pain, swelling, and joint damage by modulating the overactive immune response.
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE): Helps manage symptoms like skin rashes, joint pain, and fatigue, and reduces flares by controlling the underlying autoimmune processes.
• Discoid Lupus Erythematosus (DLE): Effective in managing the chronic skin condition that affects areas exposed to the sun.

HCQS 400 Mg Tablets Dosage and Administration:

• Malaria Prophylaxis: The recommended adult dose is 400 mg once weekly. It should be started 1-2 weeks before traveling to a malaria-endemic area and continued for 4 weeks after leaving the area.
• Acute Malaria Attack: A typical regimen is 800 mg initially, followed by 400 mg after 6-8 hours, then 400 mg once daily for the next two days.
• Rheumatoid Arthritis and SLE: The usual dose ranges from 200-400 mg daily. In severe cases, up to 600 mg may be used initially under close supervision. It’s important to note that the dose should be adjusted based on body weight and clinical response.

Contraindications:

HCQS 400 Mg Tablets is contraindicated in:

• Known Hypersensitivity: Patients allergic to Hydroxychloroquine or any of the excipients.
• Retinopathy: Particularly in cases where there is evidence of maculopathy.
• Severe Renal or Hepatic Impairment: Patients with significant kidney or liver disease should avoid this medication or use it with extreme caution.

What are the Side Effects of HCQS 400 Mg Tablets?

• Common Side Effects: These include gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), headache, dizziness, and skin rashes.
• Serious Side Effects: Long-term use can lead to retinal toxicity, which can result in irreversible vision loss if not detected early. Cardiomyopathy, potentially leading to heart failure, has also been reported in rare cases. Monitoring for signs of toxicity is crucial during prolonged use.
• Other Side Effects: These may include hypoglycemia, especially in patients on anti-diabetic medication, muscle weakness, and psychiatric symptoms like mood changes or hallucinations.

Precautions and Monitoring:

• Ophthalmic Monitoring: Regular eye exams are recommended for anyone taking HCQS 400 mg long-term, particularly to monitor for signs of retinal damage.
• Blood Glucose Levels: Patients with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar levels closely, as Hydroxychloroquine can cause hypoglycemia.
• Cardiac Function: Monitoring heart function is advised, especially in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions, due to the risk of cardiomyopathy.

Drug Interactions:

• Antacids and Kaolin: These can reduce the absorption of Hydroxychloroquine, so they should be taken at least 4 hours apart.
• Digoxin: HCQS may increase the levels of digoxin, necessitating careful monitoring.
• Antiepileptics: The effectiveness of antiepileptic drugs may be reduced when taken with Hydroxychloroquine.
• Other Immunosuppressants: Caution is advised when combining HCQS with other immunosuppressants due to the potential for additive effects.

Pregnancy and Lactation:

• Pregnancy: Hydroxychloroquine is generally considered safe for use during pregnancy, particularly in the management of autoimmune diseases. However, it should be used under medical supervision.
• Lactation: Hydroxychloroquine passes into breast milk in small amounts. Although it is generally considered safe, a risk-benefit analysis is advised.

HCQS 400 Mg Tablets Overdose:

• Symptoms: Overdose can be life-threatening, with symptoms including convulsions, visual disturbances, hypotension, and heart rhythm disturbances.
• Management: Immediate medical attention is required. Activated charcoal may be administered to reduce absorption, and symptomatic treatment should be provided in a hospital setting.

Storage:

HCQS 400 mg tablets should be stored at room temperature, away from light and moisture. Keep out of reach of children to prevent accidental ingestion.

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